Since satellite technology became a key player in communications, it has also played a crucial role in distributing television, telecommunications, and satellite internet. One essential decision is choosing the right frequency band. The two most widely used bands for satellite TV are Cband and Kuband, each with distinct characteristics and limitations depending on usage:
Satellite Television is a system for distributing television signals that sends video and audio signals from a ground station (Uplink) up to communication satellites in space. The purpose is to expand the coverage area widely. The satellite then sends signals back down to Earth (Downlink), allowing viewers to receive television signals by installing a satellite dish aimed at the target satellite. The dish connects to a Satellite Set-top Box Receiver to decode the signals into TV programs. This enables viewers to watch television anywhere within the satellites coverage area.
Satellites can orbit the Earth at various altitudes depending on their missions, including communication, observation, weather forecasting, navigation and positioning, military and security, scientific research, and more. Satellite orbits are classified by their altitude above Earth and orbital characteristics. We can divide satellite orbits into four main types as follows:
A satellite is an object sent by humans to orbit the Earth (or the Moon, Mars, etc.). Satellites are not just inventions floating in space but important tools that help humans develop technology, acquire knowledge, and ensure security for our world in almost every aspect. They are intelligent human inventions orbiting Earth, acting as the eyes and ears in space, allowing us to communicate, connect, explore, and research widely. Satellite usage can be classified into various types according to their main missions as follows:
After World War II, rocket technology advanced rapidly, especially during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the worlds first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, into Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Though it only transmitted simple beepbeep radio signals to showcase scientific and military capability, Sputnik 1 ignited the space age and sparked worldwide interest in satellite technology :contentReference
When we throw an object into the air, it moves upward until it reaches the highest pointwhere its vertical velocity becomes zero. At that point, the Earth's gravitational force pulls it back down. This behavior follows the laws of physics regarding projectile motion and gravitational acceleration acting on the object after its vertical speed reaches zero.
Internet-based IPTV (OTT IPTV) is designed for residential homes and general users. Subscription-based internet service providers deliver TV channels via the public internet. The signal quality depends on the internet speed and the bandwidth management for each channel, which must be suitable for the number of viewers.
Currently, centralized TV systems in hotels, resorts, and hospitals are shifting from traditional MATV or SMATV to IPTV systems, specifically in the form of Private IPTV (often called Hotel IPTV or Hospitality IPTV). Many people might worry if adopting an IPTV system means it will fail when the internet goes down. In reality, IPTV systems used in hotels, resorts, and hospitals have their own internal equipment and network. This ensures the system can operate normally even if the external internet connection is interrupted, with the exception of streaming services that inherently rely on the internet, just like general smart TVs that can't function without internet.
In an era of changing consumer behavior and declining traditional TV viewing, conventional centralized TV systems that distribute signals via coaxial cables have evolved into IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) systems. The distribution of video and audio signals over the internet in the form of OTT IPTV (Over-the-Top IPTV) allows TV programs to be watched through multiple channels, such as TVs, smartphones, tablets, and computers. In the service sector, like hotels, resorts, and hospitals, Private IPTV systems enable guests or users to watch TV programs with customizable themes that align with the business's identity. This also facilitates on-screen advertising and interaction between service providers and users, such as ordering food, requesting housekeeping, checking bills, adding images or video clips to promote products or services, and connecting with other internal systems like PMS (Property Management System) or HIS (Hospital Information System) for customer data collection for CRM purposes.
A Centralized CATV (Community Antenna Television) system is a centralized TV system that receives TV signals from multiple sources, such as terrestrial antennas, satellite dishes, and even self-produced content. All these signals are then converted into a uniform format. A CATV system distributes its network over a wide area, ranging from village-level to national-level coverage.
A Centralized SMATV (Satellite Master Antenna Television) system is a unified TV system that receives signals from both terrestrial antennas and satellite dishes. These received signals are then converted into a format compatible with terrestrial signals, combined, and then extensively distributed to multiple televisions within a building. This system is ideal for apartment buildings, hotels, resorts, condominiums, apartments, flats, dormitories, or office buildings that aim to provide basic TV channels to residents or users, ensuring all viewing points within the building receive equally clear picture and sound. This article will focus solely on satellite signal reception; for details on terrestrial TV signal reception, please refer to the MATV Centralized TV System article.
When designing an MATV (Master Antenna Television) system, it's crucial to understand that some frequency bands previously used for TV broadcasting are now allocated to LTE/4G/5G mobile phone systems. Therefore, selecting equipment such as receiving antennas and signal amplifiers that can filter out LTE/4G/5G interference is essential, especially in urban areas or on rooftops close to cell phone towers.
Centralized MATV (Master Antenna Television) system is a process of receiving TV signals within a building from a single terrestrial antenna, then distributing these signals comprehensively to multiple television points throughout the building. This system is ideal for apartment complexes, hotels, resorts, condominiums, apartments, flats, dormitories, or office buildings that want to provide basic TV channels to residents or users. The objective is to ensure that every viewing point within the building receives clear and consistent picture and sound quality.
Centralized TV System is a process of receiving video and audio signals from various sources, such as terrestrial antennas, satellite dishes, satellite receivers, computers, video players, or live production. All these signals are then converted into a uniform format and their channels are arranged to prevent overlap, resulting in a single set of TV signals that can be efficiently distributed.
Is it difficult to convert a centralized TV system from the old analog system to a new digital TV system? What steps need to be taken?
Did you know that there are real secrets to designing centralized TV systemsMATV, SMATV, and Hotel IPTVfor hotels, hospitals, condos, and apartments that are the most cost-effective, highly efficient, easy to maintain, and energy-saving, while still capable of receiving over 20 basic Thai TV channels?
Have you ever listened to the radio for news or music via FM frequency, or watched TV using a digital antenna? Did you know that the 4G/5G mobile signals you use for calls or social media, as well as the Wi-Fi internet in hotels or offices you use every day, all operate through the same thingelectromagnetic waves?
While most people recognize the term "microwave" from the kitchen appliance, microwave energy plays a far greater role in our world. It powers wireless communication, radar systems, satellites, medical devices, and a wide range of industrial technologies.
"When it comes to choosing a Smart TV, it's not just about sharp visuals or screen size. The real game-changer is the Smart TV operating system the true heart of your entertainment experience!"
Can you imagine how far weve comefrom flickering black-and-white images in a wooden box to todays vibrant, crystal-clear screens?
Have you ever wondered why military communication and radar systems dont use familiar civilian terms like VHF or X-Band?The reason is that NATO member countries, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), and the European Union's Electronic Countermeasures (EU ECM) employ a completely different frequency classification system. This system is known as the NATO Radar Bands, which range from A-band to O-band and cover frequencies from extremely low (ELF) all the way to high-frequency ranges used in directed-energy weapons.These bands are directly tied to Electronic Countermeasures (ECM), radar jamming, guided weapon systems, and secure military communication networks.This article offers a concise overview of how NATO, the U.S., and the EU organize their radar and communication frequenciesand how this classification differs from the IEEE or civilian wireless systems like PIC.
Have you ever wondered why radars on airplanes, warships, or satellites use different frequency bands? The answer lies in the classification known as IEEE Radar Bands a crucial standard that defines who uses which frequencies, ensuring maximum efficiency in detecting objects in the air, on the ground, or even in space
Do you still remember the static noise and the snowy screen from old TVs when the signal was weak? Or the excitement of watching 3D movies with special glasses? The world of television has come a long way from the analog era. Today, we live in the age of Smart TVs, where just a Wi-Fi connection lets you access virtually any content on the planet. This article will guide you through the step-by-step evolution of televisionfrom the bulky, heavy cathode-ray tube (CRT) sets to sleek LED screens that connect you to the digital world at your fingertips.
Imagine a time when televisions were considered luxury itemswhen only a few households owned large black-and-white TV sets used to watch government news or evening dramas for just a few hours each day. As time passed, the world changed, and so did Thailand. This article takes you on a journey through the evolution of Thailands television system, from the black-and-white era to the arrival of color TV, and offers a glimpse into the future of television broadcasting.
In an era where we can enjoy 4K entertainment or stream videos anytime, anywhere, imagine going back to a time when moving images on a screen were considered a technological marvel. The first televisions didnt feature the vibrant colors were used to todaythey only displayed images in black, white, and shades of gray. This article will take you on a journey through the evolution of television, from the early days of black-and-white analog sets to the rise of color TVs that became an essential part of every household.
